Therapeutic and recreational codeine misuse raises concerns about accessibility and pain relief effectivity of different doses. Recognising signs of abuse and understanding where codeine is best utilised underpin best practice.
Codeine addiction and abuse
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- Question 1 of 15
1. Question
1. Misuse/abuse of codeine outside of acceptable medical practice may include:
- Question 2 of 15
2. Question
2. Of ingested codeine, what proportion is metabolised by the CYP2D6 pathway?
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3. Question
3. In South Africa, a prescription is required to sell codeine (<20mg) combination products containing paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin.
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4. Question
4. Which of the listed international agencies recommend against the use of codeine for the treatment of pain and cough in children (<12 years)?
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5. Question
5. WHO recommendations for analgesia in adult patients include the use of codeine as an initial opioid treatment with a pain score of:
- Question 6 of 15
6. Question
6. Efficacy evaluation of low-dose codeine (<30mg) combination medicines from randomised controlled trial data shows:
- Question 7 of 15
7. Question
7. To achieve at least 50% maximum pain relief over 4-6 hours using 60mg codeine, Cochrane review data show an NNT of:
- Question 8 of 15
8. Question
8. NICE guidance for effective non-opioid lower back pain relief in adults includes the use of:
- Question 9 of 15
9. Question
9. Which statement is false? NICE guidance for effective non-opioid pain relief from sprains and strains in adults includes the use of:
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10. Question
10. 2014 data on South African drug use recorded what percentage of drug-dependent admissions as related to codeine abuse?
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11. Question
11. Therapeutic codeine dependency can be described as:
- Question 12 of 15
12. Question
12. Treatment of therapeutic codeine dependency at low level of use is based on:
- Question 13 of 15
13. Question
13. Consider referral to specialist services in the case of moderate or high-level codeine use, as this level of opiate withdrawal presents specific challenges requiring hospitalisation or in-facility care.
- Question 14 of 15
14. Question
14. Which statement is false?
- Question 15 of 15
15. Question
15. Mental health issues are commonly associated with codeine misuse.
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