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MAKING BEST PRACTICE, EVERYDAY PRACTICE

FREE accredited digital CPD for health care professionals in South Africa

Accredited by the University of Pretoria

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Accredited by the University of Pretoria

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Hit early, hit hard! Integrated case-based management of CKD in T2DM

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Hit early, hit hard! Integrated case-based management of CKD in T2DM
Hit early, hit hard! Integrated case-based management of CKD in T2DM

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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1. Microalbuminuria typically precedes the development of abnormal renal function or eGFR decline <60ml/min/1.73m² and, therefore, albuminuria serves as a useful and important biomarker for quantifying risk for developing CKD.
A. True
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B. False
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2. Albuminuria is an early biomarker of:
A. Kidney damage
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B. Cardiovascular risk
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C. Both of the above
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D. None of the above
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
3. Recommended frequency of UACR + eGFR monitoring in the patient with T2DM is:
A. At least once a year
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B. Determined by the degree of renal dysfunction and proteinuria
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C. Both of the above
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D. None of the above
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
4. The American Diabetes Association recommend a ≥30% reduction in mg/g of urinary albumin to slow CKD progression in patients with levels ≥300mg/g.
A. True
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B. False
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
5. In the setting of metabolic syndrome, non-selective spironolactone:
A. Decreases dysglycaemia
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B. Increases dysglycaemia
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C. Has anti-androgenic effects
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D. A and C
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E. B and C
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
6. Pharmacokinetic properties of finerenone that reduce the risk of developing hyperkalaemia include its:
A. Short half-life
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B. Absence of significant active metabolites
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C. Both of the above
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D. None of the above
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
7. Pathogenic mechanisms for kidney injury in T2DM include:
A. Metabolic factors
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B. Haemodynamic factors
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C. Inflammatory and fibrotic factors
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D. All of the above
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E. Only B and C
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
8. Among diabetes-induced changes to glomerular structure are:
A. Loss of podocytes with denuding of the basement membrane
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B. Endothelial cell proliferation
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C. Denuding of the mesangial matrix
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D. All of the above
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E. B and C only
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
9. Compared with placebo in patients with T2DM and a wide range of CKD severity, FIDELIO-DKD demonstrated that finerenone added to optimal RAASi:
A. Significantly reduced risk of kidney disease progression
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B. Had no effect on the risk of cardiovascular events
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C. Had a low incidence of hyperkalaemia resulting in permanent treatment discontinuation
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D. All of the above
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E. Only A and C
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
10. KDIGO recommendations for potassium management when using finerenone include:
A. Review current medications for drugs that impair potassium excretion
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B. That over-the-counter NSAIDs, supplements and herbal treatments should be discontinued if present
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C. Include enough fluid intake and exercise as general measures to avoid constipation
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D. All of the above
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E. Only A and B
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