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START Module 2: Insulins: An introduction

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Question 1 of 15
1. Question
1. Which statement is true?
A. Insulin maintains glucose homeostasis by its direct effects on skeletal muscle, liver and adipocytes
B. Decreasing fasting plasma insulin levels are characteristic of insulin resistance
C. A and B
Question 2 of 15
2. Question
2. The major mechanism for the development of T2DM is:
A. Increased insulin production with consequent pancreatic β-cell decompensation/loss
B. Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells
C. A and B
Question 3 of 15
3. Question
3. In T1DM, inflammation of Islet cells leads to infiltration of:
A. T lymphocytes
B. B lymphocytes
C. Macrophages
D. All the above
E. A and C
Question 4 of 15
4. Question
4. Which statement is true?
A. The insulin receptor consists of α and β sub-units, occurring as A and B isoforms
B. The A isoform expressed in liver, muscle and white adipose tissue is more specific than the B isoform
C. A and B
Question 5 of 15
5. Question
5. Activation of the insulin receptor initiates:
A. Movement of GSVs to the surface of the plasma membrane
B. Glycogen synthesis and storage
C. Decreased intracellular glucose-6-phosphate production
D. A and B
Question 6 of 15
6. Question
6. Sustained, constant basal insulin levels throughout the day is due to insulin being secreted from the pancreas in a pulsatile manner.
A. True
B. False
Question 7 of 15
7. Question
7. Which statement is true?
A. Glucose is the most potent secretagogue for insulin secretion
B. A biphasic response sees insulin levels increase to a peak within 3-4 minutes
C. A and B
Question 8 of 15
8. Question
8. Sulphonylureas, thiazolidinediones and some GLP-1 receptor agonists increase the:
A. Amplitude of insulin release pulses
B. Frequency of insulin release pulses
C. A and B
Question 9 of 15
9. Question
9. Which of the listed insulin analogues has a duration of action of up to 36 hours?
A. Aspart
B. Glargine U300
C. Glulisine
D. Lispro
E. All the above
F. A, C and D
Question 10 of 15
10. Question
10. Pre-mixed human biphasic insulins have a time of onset of:
A. 5-15 minutes
B. 30-60 minutes
C. 120-240 minutes
Question 11 of 15
11. Question
11. Which of the listed basal human insulins has a time of onset of 90 minutes?
A. NPH
B. Lente
C. A and B
Question 12 of 15
12. Question
12. The duration of action of intermediate- and long-acting insulins is dose dependent.
A. True
B. False
Question 13 of 15
13. Question
13. Advantages of insulin pens over vial and syringe include:
A. Better dosing accuracy
B. Easy dose adjustment for very small increments (<lµ)
C. Easy administration
D. Lessening of injection pain
E. All the above
F. A, C and D
Question 14 of 15
14. Question
14. Easier insulin administration using pens, compared to vial and syringe, encourages regular use of prescribed insulin.
A. True
B. False
Question 15 of 15
15. Question
15. Which of the listed analogue insulins are available as pre-mixed formulations in South Africa?
A. Lispro
B. Aspart
C. Glulisine
D. Degludec
E. All the above
F. A, B and D

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