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The hidden epidemic of diabetic kidney disease – Detection, assessment and best practice

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The hidden epidemic of diabetic kidney disease – Detection, assessment and best practice
The hidden epidemic of diabetic kidney disease – Detection, assessment and best practice

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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1. Diabetic kidney disease
A. Occurs in approximately 40% of people with T2DM
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B. Is the most common cause of CKD globally
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C. Will progress to kidney failure in 90% of patients
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D. All of the above
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E. A and C only
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2. CKD can be diagnosed by the presence of:
A. Structural or functional abnormalities that are indicative of kidney damage
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B. eGFR <60ml/min/1.73m2 for ≥3 months
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C. Either of the above
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D. None of the above
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
3. In the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease, increased transcription of NF-κB can be triggered by:
A. Haemodynamic effects
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B. Hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia
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C. Both of the above
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D. None of the above
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
4. Albuminuria levels are an important predictor of:
A. DKD progression
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B. CVD outcomes
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C. Both of the above
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D. None of the above
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
5. The overlap between CVD, kidney disease and diabetes is increasingly recognised as a clinical cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome with
distinct stages of disease progression.
A. True
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B. False
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
6. Despite RAAS blockade using ACEi or ARB in patients with DKD, a substantial residual risk for disease progression remains.
A. True
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B. False
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
7. The renoprotective effects of SGLT-2i therapy diminish when eGFR is:
A. <70ml/min/1.73m2
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B. <60ml/min/1.73m2
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C. <45ml/min/1.73m2
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D. None of the above
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
8. The KDIGO recommend SGLT-2i therapy in patients with CKD and:
A. With T2DM
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B. Without T2DM
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C. With HF
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D. Without HF
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E. Any of the above
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F. A and C only
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
9. Mineralocorticoid receptor activation promotes:
A. Podocyte injury and glomerular damage in the kidney
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B. Myocardial remodelling contributing to HF
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C. Both of the above
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D. None of the above
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
10. Compared with placebo at Month 48 of FIDELIO-DKD, participants with CKD and T2DM who received finerenone had a significantly reduced risk of:
A. Composite kidney endpoint of time to kidney failure, sustained ≥40% decrease in eGFR from baseline, or renal death
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B. Composite cardiovascular outcomes of time to cardiovascular death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke or HHF
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C. Both of the above
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D. None of the above
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